Kerala Backwaters
kerala Backwaters
The Kerala Backwaters are a unique network of interconnected canals, rivers, lakes, and lagoons that run parallel to the Arabian Sea coast, creating a tranquil and scenic environment. This intricate waterway system is best explored through traditional houseboat cruises, which allow visitors to glide through the serene waters, passing lush green paddy fields, small villages, and palm-fringed shores. The backwaters are particularly famous in regions like Alleppey, Kumarakom, and Kollam. This ecosystem supports a rich variety of wildlife and is a crucial part of Kerala’s tourism, offering a peaceful retreat amidst nature.
Top Backwater Destinations
Kerala is famous for its serene backwaters, a network of interconnected canals, rivers, lakes, and inlets that run parallel to the Arabian Sea coast. Here are some of the top backwater destinations in Kerala:
1. Alleppey (Alappuzha)
Highlights: Often referred to as the "Venice of the East," Alleppey is the most popular backwater destination in Kerala. Houseboat cruises on the Vembanad Lake offer a picturesque experience of the backwaters, lush paddy fields, and quaint village life.
Activities: Houseboat stay, canoeing, exploring paddy fields, and visiting local coir factories.
2. Kumarakom
Highlights: Situated near Vembanad Lake, Kumarakom is a tranquil destination known for its bird sanctuary, luxury resorts, and houseboat experiences. The backwaters here are rich in biodiversity.
Activities: Bird watching at Kumarakom Bird Sanctuary, houseboat cruises, fishing, and Ayurvedic treatments.
3. Kollam (Quilon)
Highlights: Kollam is known as the gateway to Kerala's backwaters. It is less crowded compared to Alleppey and offers a more offbeat experience. The 8-hour boat ride from Kollam to Alleppey is one of the longest and most scenic backwater cruises in Kerala.
Activities: Boat cruises, visiting Ashtamudi Lake, exploring the Thangassery Lighthouse, and visiting the historic sites in Kollam.
4. Kochi (Cochin)
Highlights: Kochi, a major port city, has beautiful backwater regions, particularly around the Vypeen and Gundu islands. It is an ideal destination for those who want to combine backwater exploration with urban experiences.
Activities: Houseboat cruises, exploring Fort Kochi, visiting the Chinese fishing nets, and experiencing the local culture.
5. Kuttanad
Highlights: Known as the "Rice Bowl of Kerala," Kuttanad is one of the few places in the world where farming is done below sea level. The backwaters of Kuttanad offer a unique glimpse into the rural life of Kerala.
Activities: Canoeing through narrow canals, exploring local farming techniques, and experiencing village life.
6. Ashtamudi Lake
Highlights: Ashtamudi Lake, located in Kollam, is the second-largest lake in Kerala and one of the most picturesque backwater destinations. It is known for its unique ecosystem and the tranquil surroundings.
Activities: Houseboat cruises, visiting the nearby Munroe Island, and bird watching.
7. Kasargod (Valiyaparamba Backwaters)
Highlights: Located in the northern part of Kerala, the backwaters of Valiyaparamba are relatively unexplored and offer a peaceful retreat. The region is known for its palm-fringed backwaters and secluded islands.
Activities: Boat cruises, exploring nearby islands, and relaxing in a serene environment.
8. Thiruvallam
Highlights: Thiruvallam, near Thiruvananthapuram, is a lesser-known backwater destination that offers a peaceful experience. The backwaters here are less commercialized, making it ideal for a quiet getaway.
Activities: Canoeing, visiting the nearby Parasurama Temple, and exploring the local flora and fauna.
9. Nedumudy Backwaters
Highlights: Situated near Kollam, Nedumudy offers a less commercialized backwater experience. The area is characterized by its serene canals, paddy fields, and coconut groves.
Activities: Canoeing through the backwaters, bird watching, visiting traditional coir-making units, and enjoying the peaceful rural landscapes.
11. Chandragiri Backwaters
Highlights: Located near Kasargod, Chandragiri is famous for its backwaters and historic Chandragiri Fort. The scenic beauty of the backwaters is complemented by the charm of the fort, offering a blend of nature and history.
Activities: Boat cruises along the Chandragiri River, exploring Chandragiri Fort, and watching the sunset.
12. Kayamkulam Backwaters
Highlights: This stunning backwater destination, located between Kollam and Alappuzha, is relatively untouched by mass tourism. The tranquil backwaters are ideal for peaceful cruises, and the region is also known for the Kayamkulam Lake and its scenic beauty.
Activities: Houseboat rides, visiting Krishnapuram Palace, and exploring the local fishing culture.
13. Nileshwaram
Highlights: Nileshwaram is located in the northern part of Kerala and is known for its peaceful backwaters and cultural heritage. It’s a perfect destination for those looking to explore traditional Kerala life, including Theyyam performances.
Activities: Backwater cruises, exploring nearby temples and cultural sites, and attending Theyyam performances.
15. Kottayam Backwaters
Highlights: Kottayam is often referred to as the "Land of Letters" due to its rich literary heritage. Its backwaters are equally captivating, featuring a network of canals and lakes.
Activities: Houseboat stays, visiting the scenic Kumarakom Bird Sanctuary nearby, exploring the local churches and temples, and enjoying traditional Kerala cuisine.
16. Pathiramanal Island
Highlights: A small, scenic island in the Vembanad Lake near Kochi, Pathiramanal is renowned for its rich birdlife and serene environment.
Activities: Bird watching, picnicking, kayaking around the island, and enjoying the panoramic views of the backwaters. It's an excellent spot for nature enthusiasts and photography lovers.
Each of these destinations provides a unique aspect of Kerala’s backwaters, from peaceful village life to vibrant cultural experiences, ensuring there’s something for every traveler.
- Location: The backwaters are primarily found along the Arabian Sea coast, running parallel to it. They are spread across several districts, including Alappuzha, Kottayam, Kollam, Ernakulam, and Kasaragod.
- Formation: The backwaters are formed by the accumulation of water from rivers, streams, and lagoons, creating a network of over 900 km of waterways. These waters are a mix of saltwater from the sea and freshwater from rivers, creating a unique ecosystem.
- Experience: One of the most popular ways to explore the backwaters is by cruising on a traditional houseboat, known as a kettuvallam. These houseboats are made of wood and coir, with thatched roofs, and have been converted into comfortable floating homes equipped with bedrooms, kitchens, and lounging areas.
- Cruises: Houseboat cruises typically range from day trips to overnight journeys, allowing travelers to immerse themselves in the tranquil surroundings, watch the daily life of villagers, and enjoy traditional Kerala cuisine prepared on board.
- Popular Routes: The most famous backwater routes include those in Alappuzha (Alleppey), often referred to as the “Venice of the East,” and Kumarakom, known for its bird sanctuary and luxury resorts.
- Biodiversity: The backwaters are rich in biodiversity, home to a variety of aquatic life, including fish, crabs, and frogs. The surrounding vegetation, consisting of palm trees, mangroves, and paddy fields, provides a lush green backdrop.
- Birdwatching: The Kumarakom Bird Sanctuary is a prime spot for birdwatchers, where one can see a range of migratory birds like herons, kingfishers, and the Siberian crane. The Vembanad Lake, the largest in Kerala, is also a significant habitat for avian species.
- Traditional Life: The backwaters are closely tied to the traditional lifestyle of the local communities, particularly in areas like Alappuzha, Kottayam, and Kollam. Villages along the backwaters are accessible only by boat, and the waterways serve as the primary means of transport for goods and people.
- Festivals: The backwaters come alive during the Onam festival, particularly with the Nehru Trophy Boat Race held in Alappuzha. This event features snake boats (chundan vallams) racing in a spectacular display of rowing prowess and community spirit.
- Boat Rides: Besides houseboat cruises, visitors can take smaller shikara boats for a more intimate exploration of the narrow canals and local life.
- Fishing: Traditional fishing methods, using Chinese fishing nets, are a common sight and a unique cultural experience.
- Ayurveda: Many resorts along the backwaters offer Ayurvedic treatments and therapies, adding to the wellness aspect of the backwater experience.
The backwaters of Kerala offer a serene escape from the hustle and bustle of urban life, blending natural beauty, traditional culture, and wildlife. Whether you’re gliding through the water on a houseboat, watching the sunset over Vembanad Lake, or exploring the rural villages, the backwaters provide a quintessential Kerala experience that’s both relaxing and enriching.